How do ultrasounds work?
Ultrasound treatment involves the use of high-frequency sound waves to transfer heat into particular areas in the body. The ultrasound machine has a base unit that generates an electrical signal and a handheld applicator (transducer) that converts the electrical signal into sound waves.
The sound waves penetrate the skin and cause soft tissues to vibrate, which creates deep heating effects. This can help increase blood flow, reduce muscle spasms, promote tissue healing, and decrease pain and inflammation.
What to expect
Your physical or occupational therapist will apply conductive gel to the treatment area. They will then move the ultrasound head back and forth to the treatment area. Depending on the condition, the treatment typically lasts 5-10 minutes per area.
During treatment, you may feel a gentle warming sensation in the treated area. The treatment should not be painful. Ultrasound is often used as part of a comprehensive physical therapy program.
Potential Risks
This treatment is considered to be safe when used therapeutically within rehabilitation. There are very rare side effects to its use in rehabilitation such as damage to tissues if used without adequate conductive gel or if the transducer is held stationary for too long. Ultrasound should not be used over certain areas such as the eyes, heart, or near metal implants.
Resources
University of Michigan Health: http://www.uofmhealth.org/conditions-treatments/ultrasound